Publications

Here you will find our most recent publications (2008–present).

Limmeroth, J., Leisterer-Härtig, S., Hagemann, N., & Ladwig, M. A. (2026). Last in line, lasting in mind? A retrospective investigation of the relationship between physical education experiences and adult physical activity. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 48(1), 46–54. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2025-0008

Limmeroth, J., Pauly, H., Schücker, L., Zenko, Z., & Hagemann, N. (2024). Maintain your mind, maintain your focus: Effects of focused attention and intensity in experienced runners. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 73, 102616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102616

Limmeroth, J., Jebram, L., Heussner, F., Hagemann, N., & Scheid, V. (2023). The “Get Up – Stand Up – Move Up” digital sports program during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interview study with participating elementary school children. Forum Kinder- und Jugendsport. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43594-023-00089-w

Huesmann, K., Loffing, F., Büsch, D., Schorer, J., & Hagemann, N. (2022). Varying degrees of perception-action coupling and anticipation in handball goalkeeping. Journal of Motor Behavior, 54(4), 391–400. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2021.1984868

Limmeroth, J. (2022). Automatic affective processes toward different types of exercise and physical activity in adults and children (Doctoral dissertation, University of Kassel). Kobra University of Kassel. http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.17170/kobra-202209146854

Limmeroth, J., Schücker, L., & Hagemann, N. (2022). Don’t stop focusing when it gets harder! The positive effects of focused attention on affective experience at high intensities, Journal of Sports Sciences, https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2022.2127511

Limmeroth, J., & Raboldt, M. (2022). “I Do What I Like”: 8- to 10-Year-Old Children’s Physical Activity Behavior Is Already Interrelated With Their Automatic Affective Processes. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 44(2), 138–147. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2021-0251

Limmeroth, J., & Braun, C. (2022). “Some hate it, others love it”: Formation of automatic and reflective affective processes toward exercising in fitness centers and mountain biking. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research, 52, 321–330 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-022-00803-4

Walter, J., Gob, R., Heyer, T., & Hagemann, N. (2021). Motivations for Engaging in Physical Activity in a College Setting: What Role Do Gender, Age, BMI, and Fitness Play? Exercise Therapy and Health Sports, 37(01), 9–16. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1331-7240

Hill, A., Schücker, L., Hagemann, N., & Strauß, B. (2021). The influence of mindfulness training on running economy and perceived flow under different attentional focus conditions—an intervention study. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology,19(4), 564–583. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197x.2020.1739110

Braun, C., Fischer, S., Qiu, X., Limmeroth, J., & Kibele, A. (2021). Last and fast? – A gender-specific analysis of effort gains in swimming relay events across Olympic Games and World Championships over the past 20 years, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 55(6973):101949. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.101949.

Limmeroth, J., Hagemann, N., Heussner, F., & Scheid, V. (2021). Conditions for the success of a digital sports program. Forum Kinder- und Jugendsport, 2, 59–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43594-021-00030-z

Hagemann, N. & Loffing, F. (2020). Expertise. In J. Munzert, M. Raab & B. Strauß (Eds.), Sport Psychology: A Textbook (pp. 131–150). Stuttgart: Kohlhammer.

Limmeroth, J. & Hagemann, N. (2020). To Run or Not to Run? Automatic Evaluations and Reflective Attitudes Toward Exercise. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 1–10. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.<wbr></wbr>2019-0284

Loffing, F. & Hagemann, N. (2020). Motor competence is not enough: Handedness does not facilitate visual anticipation of same-handed action outcome.Cortex, 130, 94–99. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2020.05.008

Hill, A., Schücker, L., Hagemann, N., & Strauß, B. (2020). The influence of mindfulness training on running economy and perceived flow under different attentional focus conditions—an intervention study. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology.

Diederich, M., Loffing, F., & Hagemann, N. (2019). Cognition and cognitive training in sports. In A. Güllich & M. Krüger (Eds.), Sport in Culture and Society: Handbook of Sport and Sport Science ( pp. 1–19). Berlin: Springer.

Hill, A., Schücker, L., Hagemann, N., Babel, S. A., MacMahon, C., & Strauß, B. (2019). Attentional focusing in running: Implicit focus manipulations reflect the effects of explicit instructions. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1–12. doi:10.1080/1612197X.2019.<wbr></wbr>1674898

Mentzel, S. V., Schücker, L., Hagemann, N., & Strauß, B. (2019). Perceiving speed—The color can matter. Color Research & Application, 44(6), 957–966. doi:10.1002/col.22429

Loffing, F., Büsch, D., Schorer, J., & Hagemann, N. (2018). Left-Handed Athletes—An Empirical Interim Report, Preliminary Recommendations for Action, and Gaps in Knowledge. Competitive Sports, 48(6), 31–36.

Loffing, F., Hagemann, N., Schorer, J., & Büsch, D. (2018). Do Left-Handers Have an Advantage? Facts Instead of Myths—A Scientific Review of the Shooting Accuracy of Left-Handed Players. Handballtraining, 40(2), 36–37.

Hill, A., Schücker, L., Hagemann, N., & Strauß, B. (2017). Further evidence for an external focus of attention in running: Looking at specific focus instructions and individual differences. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 39, 352–365. doi: 10.1123/jsep.2016-0272

Loffing, F., Neugebauer, J., Hagemann, N., & Schorer, J. (2017). Eye Tracking in Elite Sports—Validity, Limitations, and Possibilities. Hellenthal: Sportverlag Strauß.

Loffing, F., Nickel, S., & Hagemann, N. (2017). Directionality in Aesthetic Judgments and Performance Evaluation: A Comparison of Sport Judges and Laypeople. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02109

Mentzel, S. V., Schücker, L., Hagemann, N., & Strauss, B. (2017). Emotionality of colors: An implicit link between red and dominance. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00317

Loffing, F., Hagemann, N., & Farrow, D. (2017). Perceptual-cognitive training: The next piece of the puzzle. In J. Baker, S. Cobley, J. Schorer, & N. Wattie (Eds.), Routledge Handbook of Talent Identification and Development in Sport (pp. 207–220). London: Routledge.

Schücker, L., Schmeing, L., & Hagemann, N. (2016). "Look Around While Running!" Attentional Focus Effects in Inexperienced Runners. Psychology of Sport and Exercise.

Loffing, F., Sölter, F., Hagemann, N., & Strauss, B. (2016). On-court position and handedness in visual anticipation of stroke direction in tennis. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 27, 195–204.

Loffing, F. (2016). Commentary: “How much is that player in the window? The one with the early birthday?” Relative age influences the value of the best soccer players, but not the best businesspeople. Frontiers in Psychology, 7.

Loffing, F., Hagemann, N., Strauss, B., & MacMahon, C. (2016). Laterality in sports. San Diego: Academic Press.

Loffing, F. & Hagemann, N. (2016). Performance differences between left- and right-sided athletes in one-on-one interactive sports. In F. Loffing, N. Hagemann, B. Strauss, & C. MacMahon (Eds.), Laterality in sports ( pp. 249–277). San Diego: Academic Press.

Loffing, F., Hagemann, N., Strauss, B., & MacMahon, C. (2016). Laterality in sports: More than two sides of the same coin. In F. Loffing, N. Hagemann, B. Strauss, & C. MacMahon (Eds.), Laterality in sports (pp. 1–7). San Diego: Academic Press.

Loffing, F., Sölter, F., Hagemann, N., & Strauss, B. (2015). Accuracy of outcome anticipation, but not gaze behavior, differs between left- and right-handed penalties in team handball goalkeeping. Frontiers in Psychology, 6.

Loffing, F., Stern, R., & Hagemann, N. (2015). Pattern-induced expectation bias in visual anticipation of action outcomes. *Acta Psychologica*, 161, 45–53.

Loffing, F., Hagemann, N., Schorer, J., & Baker, J. (2015). Skilled players’ and novices’ difficulty in anticipating left- vs. right-handed opponents’ action intentions varies across different points in time. Human Movement Science, 40, 410–421.

Schorer, J., Cobley, S., Bräutigam, H., Loffing, F., Hütter, S., Büsch, D., Wattie, N., Helsen, W., & Baker, J. (2015). Developmental contexts, level of competition, and relative age effects in sport: A database analysis and a quasi-experiment. Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling, 57, 126–143.

Schücker, L., Jedamski, J., Hagemann, N., & Vater, H. (2015). Don’t think about your movements – Effects of attentional instructions on rowing performance. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 10, 829–839 .

Schorer, J., Loffing, F., Rienhoff, R., & Hagemann, N. (2015). Efficacy of training interventions for acquiring perceptual cognitive skills. In J. Baker & D. Farrow (Eds.), Routledge Handbook of Sport Expertise (pp. 430–438). London: Routledge.

Loffing, F., & Hagemann, N. (2015). Pushing through evolution? Incidence and fight records of left-handed fighters in professional boxing history. *Laterality: Asymmetries of Body, Brain, and Cognition*, 20, 270–286.

Hagemann, N., Loffing, F., Albert, A., Fischer, S., Heyer, T., & Sölter, F. (Eds.). (2014). Sport.Spiel.Trends: Interdisciplinary, Innovative, International. Hamburg: Czwalina.

MacMahon, C., Schücker, L., Hagemann, N., & Strauss, B. (2014). Effects of Cognitive Fatigue on Physical Performance During Running. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 36, 375–381.

Loffing, F., Sölter, F., & Hagemann, N. (2014). Left preference for sport tasks does not necessarily indicate left-handedness: Sport-specific lateral preferences, relationship with handedness, and implications for laterality research in behavioral sciences. PLoS ONE, 9, e105800.

Schücker, L., Knopf, C., Strauss, B., & Hagemann, N. (2014). An internal focus of attention is not always as bad as its reputation: How specific aspects of internally focused attention do not hinder running efficiency. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 36, 233–243.

Schücker, L., Heil, O., Brand, R., & Hagemann, N. (2014). Attentional focus strategies of triathletes during the Ironman World Championships. Journal of Sport Behavior, 37, 306.

Loffing, F. & Hagemann, N. (2014). On the Effect of a Shooter’s Approach Angle and Kicking Foot on the Anticipation of Penalty Kicks. Zeitschrift für Sportpsychologie, 21, 63–73.

Loffing, F. & Hagemann, N. (2014). Skill differences in visual anticipation of throw type in team handball penalties. *Psychology of Sport and Exercise*, 15, 260–267.

Loffing, F. & Hagemann, N. (2014). On-court position influences skilled tennis players’ anticipation of shot outcome. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 36, 14–26.

Loffing, F., Cañal-Bruland, R., & Hagemann, N. (2014). Anticipation training in sports. In K. Zentgraf & J. Munzert (Eds.), Cognitive Training in Sports (pp. 137–160). Göttingen: Hogrefe.

Memmert, D., Hüttermann, S., Hagemann, N., Loffing, F., & Strauss, B. (2013). Dueling in the penalty box: evidence-based recommendations on how shooters and goalkeepers can win penalty shootouts in soccer. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 6, 209–229.

Schücker, L., Anheier, W., Strauß, B., Hagemann, N., & Völker, K. (2013). On the optimal focus of attention for efficient running at high intensity. *Sport, Exercise, & Performance Psychology*, 2, 207–219.

Hagemann, N., & Loffing, F. (2013). Anticipation. In A. Güllich & M. Krüger (Eds.), Sport: The Textbook for Sports Studies (pp. 562–564). Berlin: Springer.

Dreiskämper, D., Strauss, B., Hagemann, N., & Büsch, D. (2013). Influence of red jersey color on physical parameters in combat sports. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 35, 44–49.

Büsch, D., & Hagemann, N. (2013). Hands Off the Mouse—Performance Asymmetries in Left-Handed Individuals Depending on Manual Experience. Journal of Sport Psychology, 20, 65–71.

Loffing, F. (2012). “Higher, Faster, Further?” A Critical Look at the Impact Factor as a Measure of Scientific Quality. Ze-phir, 19(2), 11–17.

Loffing, F. (2012) (Ed.). Publishing. Ze-phir, 19(2).

Loffing, F., Hagemann, N., & Strauß, B. (2012). Left-handedness in professional and amateur tennis. PLoS ONE, 7, e49325.

Hofmann, J., Jekauc, D., & Loffing, F. (2012). Cumulative Doctoral Studies in Sports Science. Ze-phir, 19(1), 3–8.

Loffing, F., Hofmann, J., & Jekauc, D. (2012) (Eds.). Summa Cum Laude—Earning a Ph.D. through a cumulative program in sports science!? Ze-phir, 19(1).

Abernethy, B., Schorer, J., Jackson, R. C., & Hagemann, N. (2012). A comparison of perceptual training methods: the relative efficacy of different approaches to enhancing sport-specific anticipation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 18, 143–153.

Loffing, F. (2012). Hand dominance in tennis: Why left-handed performers may have an edge over their competitors. Journal of Medicine and Science in Tennis, 17, 50–54.

Loffing, F. & Hagemann, N. (2012). Side bias in human performance: a review on the left-handers’ advantage in sports. In T. Dutta, M. Mandal, & S. Kumar (Eds.), Bias in Human Behavior (pp. 163–182). Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science.

Loffing, F., Schorer, J., Hagemann, N., & Baker, J. (2012). On the advantage of being left-handed in volleyball: further evidence of the specificity of skilled visual perception. *Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics*, 74, 446–453.

Schorer, J., Loffing, F., Hagemann, N., & Baker, J. (2012). Human handedness in interactive situations: Negative perceptual frequency effects can be reversed! Journal of Sports Sciences, 30, 507–513.

Loffing, F., Wilkes, T., & Hagemann, N. (2011). Skill level and graphical detail shape perceptual judgments in tennis. Perception, 40, 1447–1456.

Cañal-Bruland, R., Lotz, S., Hagemann, N., Schorer, J., & Strauss, B. (2011). Visual span and change detection in soccer: An expertise study. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 23, 302–310.

Heuer, A., Müller, C., Rubner, O., Hagemann, N., & Strauss, B. (2011). The usefulness of dismissing and replacing the coach in professional soccer. PLoS ONE, 6, e17664.

Brand, R., Melzer, M., & Hagemann, N. (2011). Toward an Implicit Association Test (IAT) for measuring attitudes toward doping in sports. Data-based recommendations developed from two recently published tests. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 12, 250–256.

Schücker, L., Hagemann, N., & Ebbing, L. (2011). Learning with analogies: Implications for performance and attentional processes under pressure. Human Movement, 11, 191–199.

Hagemann, N., Schorer, J., Cañal-Bruland, R., Lotz, S., & Strauß, B. (2010). Visual information pickup in fencing: An analysis combining eye movements, the occlusion paradigm, and cueing. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics, 72, 2204–2214.

Büsch, D., Hagemann, N., & Bender, N. (2010). The dimensionality of the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory: An analysis using item response models. Laterality: Asymmetries of Body, Brain, and Cognition, 15, 610–628.

Loffing, F., Hagemann, N., & Strauß, B. (2010). Automated processes in tennis: Do left-handed players benefit from their opponents’ tactical preferences? Journal of Sports Sciences, 28, 435–443.

Loffing, F., Schorer, J., & Cobley, S. (2010). Relative age effects are a developmental problem in tennis: But not necessarily when you’re left-handed! High Ability Studies, 21, 19–25.
Schücker, L., Hagemann, N., & Strauss, B. (2010). Focus of attention in endurance sports. Leistungssport, 40, 48–52.
Tietjens, M., Hagemann, N., & Stracke, S. (2010). On the Influence of Single-Sex and Coeducational Physical Education Classes on Spontaneous Gender-Specific Self-Awareness. Journal of Developmental Psychology and Educational Psychology, 42, 123–132 .

Büsch, D., Hagemann, N., & Bender, N. (2009). The Lateral Preference Inventory: Item Homogeneity of the German Version. Journal of Sport Psychology, 16, 17–28.
Loffing, F., Hagemann, N., & Strauß, B. (2009). The serve in professional men’s tennis: Effects of players’ handedness. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 9, 255–274.
Hagemann, N. (2009). The advantage of being left-handed in interactive sports. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 71, 1641–1648.
Huys, R., Cañal-Bruland, R., Hagemann, N., Beek, P. J., Smeeton, N., & Williams, A. M. (2009). Global information pickup underpins anticipation of tennis shot direction. *Journal of Motor Behavior*, 41, 158–170.
Memmert, D., Hagemann, N., Althoetmar, R., Geppert, S., & Seiler, D. (2009). Conditions of practice in perceptual skill learning. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 80, 32–43
Schücker, L., Hagemann, N., Strauß, B., & Völker, K. (2009). The effect of attentional focus on running economy. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27, 1241–1248.
Strauß, B., Hagemann, N., & Loffing, F. (2009). The three-point rule in the German Bundesliga and the proportion of tied games. Sportwissenschaft, 39, 16–22.
Strauß, B., Hagemann, N., & Loffing, F. (2009). The zero ritual and the assessment of effects: “The Earth is round (p<?)”. Sportwissenschaft, 39, 350–356.
Williams, A. M., Huys, R., Cañal-Bruland, R., & Hagemann, N. (2009). The dynamical information underpinning anticipation skill. Human Movement Science, 28, 362–370.

Hagemann, N., Strauß, B., & Leißing, J. (2008). When the referee sees red? Psychological Science, 19, 769–771.
Hagemann, N., Lotz, S., & Cañal-Bruland, R. (2008). Perception-Action Coupling in Tactical Decision-Making Training—An Exploratory Study. E-Journal Bewegung und Training, 2, 17–27.
Hagemann, N., Strauß, B., & Büsch, D. (2008). The complex problem-solving competence of team coaches. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 9, 301–317.