Cooperatives and cooperative approaches in autocratic regimes? Reasons for failure and success

Background: Producer organisations and cooperatives are considered ways of empowerment of farmers. However, such approaches are often not welcome or successful. Farmers are often hesitant to cooperation or cooperative do not survive for long. This work aims to take stock of the reasons that can lead to failure of cooperatives in different countries.

Aim: Based on a systematic literature review this work aims to assess and help us understand why in particular national contexts cooperatives are not successfully forming and operating.